Spacecraft

The spacecraft structure and propulsion hardware configurations are similar to Chandrayaan 1, India's first robotic lunar orbiter that operated from 2008 to 2009, with specific improvements and upgrades needed for a Mars specific mission.

Mass

The lift-off mass was 1,350 kg (2,980 lb), including 852 kg (1,878 lb) of propellant mass.

Dimensions

Cuboid in shape of approximately 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in)

Bus

The spacecraft's bus is a modified I-1 K structure and propulsion hardware configurations similar to Chandrayaan 1, India's lunar orbiter that operated from 2008 to 2009, with specific improvements and upgrades needed for a Mars mission.^[35] The satellite structure is of aluminum and composite fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) sandwich construction.

Power

Electric power is generated by three solar array panels of 1.8 × 1.4 m (5 ft 10 in × 4 ft 7 in) each (7.56 m² (81.4 sq ft) total), for a maximum of 840 W generation in Martian orbit. Electricity is stored in a 36 Ah Li-ion battery.

Propulsion

Liquid fuel engine of 440 N thrust is used for orbit raising and insertion in Martian orbit. The orbiter also has eight 22 N thrusters for attitude control or orientation.

Communications

Two 230 W TWTAs and two coherent transponders. The antenna array consists of a low-gain antenna, a medium-gain antenna and a high-gain antenna. The High-gain antenna system is based on a single 2.2 meter reflector illuminated by a feed at S-band. It is used to transmit and receive the telemetry, tracking, commanding and data to and from the Indian Deep Space Network.